Las eléctricas advierten de que una quita del déficit de tarifa sería «ilegal» y «no lo aceptarían nunca»
En el Foro de la Nueva Economía, el ministro anunció que se está elaborando una reforma «profunda» de las actividades reguladas, para hacer frente al déficit de tarifa del sector eléctrico, que supera los 24.000 millones de euros.
Soria subrayó que, a futuro, este montante tendrá que ir a cuenta de la factura de los consumidores, el balance del sector o las cuentas públicas, solución que «será por consenso».
Montes comentó que el ministro «no habló en ningún caso de palabras como quita», sino que aludió en realidad a la posibilidad de que parte del déficit se mantendría en el balance de los operadores, algo que cree que debería aclarar qué significa.
El presidente de Unesa se ciñó a esa declaración del ministro y no quiso decir si estos operadores son las grandes eléctricas ni si el mantenimiento de la deuda en los balances significa la suspensión de las titulizaciones del déficit y, con ello, que las cinco principales compañías sigan financiando el desajuste del sector.
Endesa, Iberdrola, Gas Natural Fenosa, HC y E.ON siguen financiando entre 8.500 y 10.000 millones de euros de la deuda eléctrica, después de que estas empresas hayan cedido ya al Fondo de Amortización del Déficit Eléctrico (FADE) unos 13.800 millones para su colocación en el mercado o entre inversores particulares.
De hecho, y con respecto a las titulizaciones del déficit, Montes aseguró que el objetivo es que se sigan haciendo, ya que las eléctricas necesitan flujo de caja ya que cerraron el pasado año con un «cash flow» negativo de 4.000 millones.
En todo caso, el presidente de la patronal señaló que «si a alguno se le ocurriera hacer una quita de una deuda que está absolutamente reconocida por ley sería incurrir en una ilegalidad, en una expropiación de un derecho de cobro que cuenta con el respaldo del Estado y llegaríamos a un enfrentamiento a todos los niveles, también legal».
Además de las consecuencias legales, Montes dijo que sería una «maniobra de muy alto riesgo en un momento en el que la economía española está consiguiendo disminuir la prima de riesgo y aumentar la confianza de los mercados» y recordó que el Tribunal Supremo ya emitió sentencias en las que se garantiza el derecho de las eléctricas a recuperar esta deuda.
Montes también consideró que si Soria tuviera que «decir» a las eléctricas «algo tan gordo» como que el Gobierno prepara una quita, las «reuniría» para hacerlo. Esta circunstancia no se produjo y la relación de las eléctricas e Industria es «fluida» y propia de un «ministro dialogante».
Por ello, reiteró el rechazo a una quita, porque «siempre es mala», y agregó que «si a alguien se le ocurriera hacerlo sería muy grave y las eléctricas estaríamos en absoluta contra y no vamos a estar impasibles». «No puedo imaginar de ninguna manera que ese sea el planteamiento del Gobierno; estoy seguro», agregó.
En todo caso, Montes insistió en que Unesa no cree que el ministro de Industria, José Manuel Soria, tenga «esa tentación», pues sería «meterse en un berenjenal que no nos lo podemos ni imaginar», ya que hasta el momento el Gobierno adoptó medidas «razonables, sensatas y muy legales».
Sobre la convocatoria urgente de su rueda de prensa si no da credibilidar al tema de una quita, el presidente de Unesa afirmó que en el acto de Soria había 300 personas y los periódicos los leen miles, y a ellos les queda el mensaje de la quita.
Montes afirmó que para solucionar el déficit existente «hay que pagar el servicio eléctrico por lo que cuesta y no por menos, en nigún caso».
En su opinión hay medidas «sensatas y legales» para frenar el déficit de tarifa, como la moratoria a las nuevas instalaciones renovables, al tiempo que citó como ejemplo la posibilidad de que este parón se extienda a otras centrales de forma temporal a la espera de que se precisen en un futuro cuando la demanda sea mayor.
Preguntado sobre la posibilidad de que estén dispuestos a asumir un recorte de su retribución, Montes se preguntó porqué no se recorta a otros y recordó que para las empresas eléctricas supone un «daño tremendo» mantener en sus balances la deuda eléctrica.
Por otro lado, Montes aseguró que las tecnologías que está recibiendo «windfall profits» o beneficios caídos del cielo no son la hidráulica y la nuclear, que están «amortizadas», sino las que disfrutan de «subvenciones».
«Ninguna de nuestras centrales tienen «windfall profits». Los que tienen windfall profits son los que trabajan en el área subvencionada porque les llovieron las subvenciones del cielo», afirmó.
Además, defendió la moratoria a las renovables porque resulta «falaz» meter más energía eléctrica en el sistema y dijo que las medidas adoptadas por el Gobierno «van en el buen sentido», si bien habría que «complementarlas».
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